Uninzi lweesekethe zomthwalo ophezulu kunye nekhabhinethi yomthwalo, i-bulky, inzima, ibiza, ukufakwa okungahambi kakuhle kunye nokunye.I-EAK yokumelana nomthwalo opholileyo wamanzi ukukunceda ukusombulula amandla amakhulu, ubungakanani obuncinci, ixabiso eliphantsi kunye nezinye izibonelelo ezininzi.
Ukongeza, kuzo zombini iimoto zombane kunye ne-hybrid, i-regenerative braking yindlela efanelekileyo kakhulu yokubuyisela amandla ngokutshaja ibhetri, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ifumana amandla amaninzi kunokuba ibhetri inokusingatha.Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi kwizithuthi ezinkulu ezinje ngeelori, iibhasi kunye noomatshini abangekho ezindleleni, ezi zithuthi ziqala ukuhla kwazo ixesha elide ezantsi ngokukhawuleza xa iibhetri zitshajwe ngokupheleleyo.Esikhundleni sokuthumela umbane ogqithiseleyo kwibhetri, isisombululo kukuthumela kwi-resistor ye-brake okanye isethi ye-resistors ye-brake esebenzisa ukuxhathisa ukuguqula amandla ombane kubushushu, kunye nokukhupha ukushisa emoyeni ojikelezayo.Injongo ephambili yenkqubo kukuba ukugcina i-braking effect ngelixa ukhusela ibhetri kwi-overcharging ngexesha lokuvuselela ukuvuselela, kunye nokubuyiswa kwamandla kuyinkuthazo eluncedo. "Emva kokuba inkqubo ivuliwe, kukho iindlela ezimbini zokusebenzisa ukushisa," kusho i-EAK.“Enye kukufudumeza ibhetri.Ebusika, ibhetri inokubanda ngokwaneleyo ukuyonakalisa, kodwa inkqubo inokuthintela oko ukuba kungenzeki.Ungayisebenzisa ukufudumeza indlwana.”
Kwiminyaka eyi-15-20, apho kunokwenzeka, i-braking iya kuhlaziywa, ingabi ngoomatshini: oku kudala amathuba okugcina kunye nokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwamandla okunyathela okuvuselelayo, kunokuwachitha nje njengobushushu benkunkuma.Amandla anokugcinwa kwibhetri yesithuthi okanye kwindawo encedisayo, njenge-flywheel okanye i-supercapacitor.
Kwizithuthi zombane, ukukwazi kwe-DBR ukufunxa kunye nokuphinda uqondise amandla kunceda ngokuzinyathela iziqhoboshi.Ukunyanzeliswa kwesiqhoboshi kusebenzisa amandla ekinetic agqithisileyo ukutshaja ibhetri yemoto yombane.
Ikwenza oku ngenxa yokuba iinjini zemoto yombane zinokubaleka kumacala amabini: enye isebenzisa umbane ukuze iqhube amavili kwaye ihambise imoto, kwaye enye isebenzisa amandla ekinetic agqithisileyo ukutshaja ibhetri.Njengoko umqhubi ephakamisa unyawo lwakhe kwi-pedal pedal kwaye ecinezela i-brake, i-motor iyaxhathisa ukuhamba kwesithuthi, "Itshintsha indlela," kwaye iqala ukufaka amandla kwakhona kwibhetri. ulahlekelwe amandla ekinetic kumandla agcinwe ebhetri.
Ngokomyinge, ukunyanyiswa kwe-regenerative kuphakathi kwe-60% kunye ne-70% esebenzayo, oku kuthetha ukuba malunga nesibini kwisithathu samandla e-kinetic elahlekileyo ngexesha lokunyathela i-braking inokugcinwa kwaye igcinwe kwiibhetri ze-EV ukwenzela ukukhawuleza kamva, oku kuphucula kakhulu amandla ombane wesithuthi kunye nokwandisa ubomi bebhetri. .
Nangona kunjalo, i-regenerative braking ayikwazi ukusebenza yodwa.I-DBR iyafuneka ukwenza le nkqubo ikhuseleke kwaye isebenze.Ukuba ibhetri yemoto sele igcwele okanye inkqubo iyahluleka, amandla angaphezulu akanayo indawo yokutshatyalaliswa, oku kunokubangela ukuba yonke inkqubo yokubhuqa ingaphumeleli.Ngoko ke, i-DBR ifakwe ukutshabalalisa la mandla angaphezulu, angafanelanga ukunyathela ngokutsha, kwaye ayichithe ngokukhuselekileyo njengobushushu.
Kwii-resistors ezipholileyo zamanzi, lo bushushu bufudumeza amanzi, obunokuthi busetyenziswe kwenye indawo kwisithuthi ukutshisa i-cab yesithuthi okanye ukutshisa ibhetri ngokwayo, ekubeni ukusebenza kakuhle kwebhetri kuhambelana ngqo nokushisa kwayo.
Umthwalo onzima
I-DBR ayibalulekanga kuphela kwi-system ye-braking ye-EV ngokubanzi.Xa kuziwa kwiinkqubo ze-braking for electric heavy-duty trucks (HGV) , ukusetyenziswa kwazo kwongeza enye ingqimba.
Iilori ezisebenza nzima ziqhobosha ngokwahlukileyo kwiimoto kuba azithembeli ngokupheleleyo ekubalekeni iziqhoboshi ukuze zicothise isantya.Endaweni yoko, basebenzisa izixhobo ezincedisayo okanye zokunyamezela iziqhoboshi ezicothisa isithuthi kunye neziqhoboshi zendlela.
Abatshisi ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lokuhla kwaye banciphisa umngcipheko wokubola kweebhuleki okanye ukusilela kweziqhoboshi zendlela.
Kwiilori ezinzima zombane, iibhuleki zivuselela, zinciphisa ukuguga kwiibhuleki zendlela kunye nokwandisa ubomi bebhetri kunye noluhlu.
Nangona kunjalo, oku kunokuba yingozi ukuba inkqubo iyasilela okanye ipakethi yebhetri ayihlawuliswanga ngokupheleleyo.Sebenzisa i-DBR ukuze uchithe amandla amaninzi ngendlela yobushushu ukuphucula ukhuseleko lwenkqubo yokuqhomfa.
Ikamva le-hydrogen
Nangona kunjalo, i-DBR ayidlali kuphela indima ekubambeni iziqhoboshi.Kufuneka kwakhona siqwalasele indlela abanokuba nefuthe elihle ngayo kwimarike ekhulayo ye-hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV) .Nangona i-FCEV ingenakukwazi ukusasazwa ngokubanzi, iteknoloji ikhona, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo inamathemba exesha elide.
I-FCEV inikwe amandla yi-Proton exchange membrane fuel cell.I-FCEV idibanisa amafutha e-hydrogen kunye nomoya kwaye iyimpompa kwiseli ye-fuel ukuze iguqule i-hydrogen ibe ngumbane.Xa ingaphakathi kwiseli ye-fuel, ibangela ukusabela kweekhemikhali ezikhokelela ekutsalweni kwee-electron kwi-hydrogen.Ezi electron zivelisa umbane, ogcinwa kwiibhetri ezincinci ezisetyenziselwa umbane wezithuthi.
Ukuba i-hydrogen esetyenziselwa ukubanika amandla iveliswa kumbane ukusuka kwimithombo ehlaziyiweyo, umphumo wenkqubo yokuthutha i-carbon-free.
Iimveliso zokuphela kweempendulo zeeseli zamafutha ngumbane, amanzi kunye nobushushu, kwaye ukukhutshwa kuphela ngumphunga wamanzi kunye nomoya, okwenza ukuba zihambelane ngakumbi nokuqaliswa kweemoto zombane.Nangona kunjalo, banazo ezinye iingxaki zokusebenza.
Iiseli ze-fuel azikwazi ukusebenza phantsi kwemithwalo enzima ixesha elide, elinokubangela iingxaki xa zikhawuleza okanye zinciphisa ngokukhawuleza.
Uphando malunga nomsebenzi we-fuel cell lubonisa ukuba xa i-fuel cell iqala ukukhawulezisa, amandla okukhutshwa kwe-fuel cell ayanda ngokuthe ngcembe ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, kodwa ke iqala ukujikeleza kwaye iyancipha, nangona isantya sihlala sifana.Oku kuphuma kwamandla okungathembekanga kubangela umngeni kubenzi beemoto.
Isisombululo kukufakela iiseli zepetroli ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zamandla aphezulu kunokuba kuyimfuneko.Umzekelo, ukuba i-FCEV idinga i-100 kilowatts (kW) yamandla, ukufaka i-120 kW iseli ye-fuel kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba ubuncinane i-100 kW yamandla afunekayo ihlala ikhona, nokuba i-fuel cell cell output iyancipha.
Ukukhetha esi sisombululo kufuna i-DBR ukuphelisa amandla angaphezulu ngokwenza imisebenzi ye-"Layisha iqela" xa ingafunwa.
Ngokufunxa amandla agqithisileyo, i-DBR inokukhusela iinkqubo zombane ze-FCEV kwaye ibenze bakwazi ukuphendula kakuhle kwiimfuno zamandla aphezulu kwaye bakhawulezise kwaye banciphise ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokugcina amandla angaphezulu kwebhetri.
Abavelisi beemoto kufuneka bathathele ingqalelo imiba ephambili yoyilo xa bekhetha i-DBR yosetyenziso lwesithuthi sombane.Kuzo zonke izithuthi ezisebenza ngombane (ingaba ibhetri okanye i-fuel cell) , ukwenza amacandelo alula kwaye ahlanganiswe ngokusemandleni ayimfuneko yoyilo oluphambili.
Sisisombululo semodyuli, okuthetha ukuba ukuya kutsho kwiiyunithi ezintlanu zinokudityaniswa kwicandelo elinye ukuhlangabezana ukuya kuthi ga kwi-125kW yamandla afunekayo.
Ukusebenzisa iindlela zokupholisa amanzi, ubushushu bunokuchithwa ngokukhuselekileyo ngaphandle kwemfuneko yamacandelo ongezelelweyo, njengabalandeli, njengama-resistors apholile emoyeni.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-08-2024
